⚖️ Judgment of Acquittal (JOA) in Florida Criminal Trials
During a Florida criminal trial, the prosecution must prove every element of the alleged crime beyond a reasonable doubt. But what happens if the State simply doesn’t present enough evidence?
That’s when a defense attorney may file a motion for judgment of acquittal, also known as a JOA. This motion asks the judge to enter a not-guilty verdict without sending the case to the jury—because the State has failed to meet its legal burden.
In Fort Lauderdale and across South Florida, a successful JOA can bring your trial to an end without the risk of conviction.
🔍 What Is a Motion for Judgment of Acquittal?
A motion for judgment of acquittal (JOA) challenges the legal sufficiency of the evidence presented at trial. The motion argues that, even if all evidence is viewed in the light most favorable to the State, no reasonable jury could return a guilty verdict.
If granted, the judge enters a judgment of acquittal, ending the trial and preventing any retrial due to double jeopardy.
📆 When Is a JOA Filed?
Defense attorneys typically file a JOA:
- At the close of the State’s case (when the prosecution rests), and
- Again at the close of all evidence (after the defense rests)
Both points are critical because failing to timely move for a JOA can mean waiving certain appellate rights—especially arguments related to the State’s lack of evidence.
If granted, the judge enters a judgment of acquittal, ending the trial and preventing any retrial due to double jeopardy.
Facing Criminal Charges in Fort Lauderdale or South Florida?
⚖️ What Is the Legal Standard for a JOA in Florida?
The judge must determine whether the evidence is legally sufficient to support a conviction. On appeal, this decision is reviewed de novo—meaning the appellate court gives no deference to the trial judge’s decision.
The test:After resolving all conflicts and inferences in favor of the State, could a rational jury convict?
If the answer is no, the court should grant the JOA and enter a not-guilty judgment immediately.
🚫 What Happens If a JOA Is Granted?
- The case ends without going to the jury
- The State cannot appeal the ruling
- Double jeopardy attaches—you cannot be retried for the same charge
- The result is the same as a not-guilty verdict
Judges can also grant a JOA on their own initiative (sua sponte) if they find the evidence insufficient.
📍 Judgment of Acquittal in Fort Lauderdale Criminal Cases
At Michael White, P.A., we fight for every opportunity to protect our clients. That includes strategically filing motions for judgment of acquittal when the State’s case falls short of the legal standard.
JOAs can apply in a wide range of charges, including:
- Drug trafficking
- Aggravated assault
- White-collar crimes
- DUI
- Sexual battery
- Gun charges
Our defense strategy begins long before trial, and if the prosecution’s case collapses under pressure, we move quickly to file a JOA and end the case.
📞 Call (954) 707-0850 now to schedule a free consultation with a Fort Lauderdale criminal defense attorney.
📍 Judgment of Acquittal in Fort Lauderdale Criminal Cases
Q: Is a judgment of acquittal the same as a not-guilty verdict?
A: Yes. If the judge grants the JOA, it has the same legal effect as a not-guilty verdict. The case ends, and you cannot be retried.
Q: Can a judge grant a JOA without the defense asking?
A: Yes. Florida judges may grant a JOA sua sponte if they believe the evidence is legally insufficient.
Q: Can the State appeal a judgment of acquittal?
A: No. Once a JOA is granted, double jeopardy prevents further prosecution of the same offense.
